Pentagon chief visits Ukraine in show of support ahead of US election

Kyiv: US Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin announced $400 million in new arms for Ukraine on Monday during a visit to Kyiv just two weeks ahead of a US presidential election that is casting uncertainty over the future of Western support.

Austin's trip, his fourth and likely final visit as President Joe Biden's Pentagon chief, was expected to focus on US efforts to help Kyiv shore up its defences as Russian forces gain ground in eastern Ukraine.

But despite the show of solidarity with Kyiv, it was not expected to answer some of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy's loudest calls for changes to US policy, like lifting Washington's restrictions on using US-supplied weapons to hit targets far deep in Russian territory.

As Biden's administration winds down, Austin signalled continuity in US support.

"The United States understands the stakes here, Mr. President," Austin told Zelenskiy during a meeting, as he announced the new cash for additional munitions, armoured vehicles and anti-tank weapons.

As Austin stepped off the train in Kyiv after an overnight journey from Poland, Ukrainian officials reported new Russian attacks overnight on the Ukrainian capital that damaged residential buildings and injuring at least one civilian.

Austin's visit comes ahead of the Novemeber 5 US presidential vote, in which former president Donald Trump, the Republican candidate, is seeking re-election in a close race against Vice President Kamala Harris, the Democratic candidate.

Trump has signalled he would be more reluctant than Biden to continue to support Ukraine, which could deprive Kyiv of its biggest military and financial backer.

Austin played down such concerns.

"I've seen bipartisan support for Ukraine over the last 2-1/2 years, and I fully expect that we'll continue to see the bipartisan support from Congress," he said.

The retired four star general has been one of Ukraine's staunchest advocates, building a coalition of dozens of nations which has supplied Kyiv with weaponry that has helped it deal heavy blows to Russian forces.

One US defence official, speaking on condition of anonymity, said Russia had suffered 600,000 casualties of killed and wounded troops in Ukraine so far, with September being its heaviest month of fatalities and injuries.

But Russian President Vladimir Putin seems content to invest more and more forces in a costly advance in eastern Ukraine's Donbas region, which Moscow claims as its own territory.

In recent weeks, Russia has surrounded towns in the Donetsk region and then slowly constricted them until Ukrainian units are forced to withdraw.

"It's a very tough fight and it's a tough slog," Austin said.

'Victory Plan'

Meanwhile, Kyiv has been seeking to keep its war in focus in the West, even as the expanding conflicts in the Middle East grab the international spotlight.

Zelenskiy last met Austin last Thursday at NATO headquarters in Brussels, where he pitched his "victory plan". He received pledges of continued support but no endorsement from key allies of his call for an immediate NATO-membership invitation.

Asked on Friday in Brussels about the victory plan, Austin said: "It's not my position to evaluate publicly his plan."

Kyiv may need to start making tough decisions about how to employ its stretched fighting forces, including whether it will hold onto territory Kyiv seized in Russia's Kursk region in a surprise offensive this summer, experts say.

The Kursk offensive caught the United States off-guard.

Kyiv hoped it would wrest the battlefield initiative from Russia, including by diverting Moscow's forces from the eastern front. But Putin has remained focused on seizing the key city of Pokrovsk in eastern Ukraine, which is an important logistics hub for Kyiv's war effort.

Even with billions of dollars worth of US military support, including the provision of F-16 fighter jets, Abrams tanks and more, Ukraine faces a tough fight ahead.

Although its invasion of Ukraine has inflicted blows to Russia's economy, made it more isolated diplomatically and battered its military, Russia "is not ready to call it quits", a senior US defence official said.

"And so that does place a steep burden on the Ukrainians," the official said, speaking on condition of anonymity.